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癸烯作为有机合成的基础原料,是现代化工生产中不可或缺且用量逐年增加的长链烯烃之一,目前工业上还没有一条采用乙烯齐聚法直接生产癸烯的工艺路线。乙烯通过齐聚反应可以制备长链烯烃,本文针对乙烯齐聚生成癸烯的反应,详细地阐述了国内外Cr催化体系的研究现状和取得的研究成果,包括催化剂的结构对产物癸烯选择性的影响、乙烯齐聚过程中发生乙烯、己烯共聚生成癸烯的聚合反应机理等;同时阐述了用于乙烯齐聚反应的Ni催化体系的研究现状,包括催化剂的结构与癸烯选择性之间的关系,配体树枝状大分子的结构对癸烯选择性的影响等。此外,还介绍了Fe、Ti、Zr等其他催化体系在催化乙烯齐聚生成癸烯方面所取得的研究进展,目的是为开发癸烯催化剂提供理论依据。
As the basic raw material for organic synthesis, decene is one of the long-chain olefins which is indispensable in the production of modern chemical industry and whose dosage is increasing year by year. At present, there is not a process in the industry for the direct production of decene using the ethylene oligomerization method. Ethylene can be prepared by oligomerization of long-chain olefins. In this paper, the reaction of oligomerization of ethylene to decene was described in detail. The research status and research results of Cr catalysts at home and abroad were expounded in detail, including the selectivity of the catalyst The polymerization mechanism of ethylene and hexene copolymerization to produce decene occurs during ethylene oligomerization, and the current research status of Ni catalyst system for oligomerization of ethylene is also described, including the structure of catalyst and the selectivity of decene The relationship between the structure of ligand dendrimer on the selectivity of decene and so on. In addition, the research progress of other catalytic systems such as Fe, Ti, Zr and others for catalysis of oligomerization of ethylene to decene is also introduced. The purpose is to provide a theoretical basis for the development of the catalyst of decene.