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垂直参照点和现状参照点是雇员重要的公平工资认知参照系,它们通过影响雇员的公平工资认知来影响其努力行为,实验经济学方法可以清晰地分离垂直参照点和现状参照点的作用。本文设计两人和四人礼物交换博弈实验,研究垂直和现状参照点如何影响雇员的公平工资认知,进而如何影响努力水平。结果表明:(1)雇员以雇主收益中来自自己所创价值的部分作为垂直参照点,雇主的其他来源收入不影响雇员的公平工资认知;(2)雇员将平等分配其与雇主联合所创价值作为公平工资的垂直参照标准;(3)工资现状具有参照点效应;(4)垂直参照点与现状参照点同时作为公平参照点起作用,但垂直参照点的权重大于现状参照点的权重。
The vertical reference point and the current reference point are the employees ’important fair wage cognition frame, which affect their efforts by influencing employees’ fair wage perception. The experimental economics method can clearly separate the vertical reference point from the current situation reference point . This article designs a two-person and four-person gift exchange game to study how vertical and current reference points affect employees’ fair wage perception and how to influence their level of effort. The results show as follows: (1) The employee takes the part of the employer’s return from the value of his creation as the vertical reference point, and the income from other sources of the employer does not affect the employee’s fair salary cognition; (2) The employee equally distributes it to the employer (3) The wage status has a reference point effect; (4) The vertical reference point and the current status reference point also function as a fair reference point, but the weight of the vertical reference point is greater than the weight of the current reference point.