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目的比较疟疾实验室检测方法,分析疟疾标本的检测结果。方法分别用吉氏染色镜检、巢氏PCR和序列分析方法对2012年河南省收集的165份疟疾标本进行检测,并对检测方法及结果进行分析比较。结果综合分析镜检、巢氏PCR和序列分析等3种方法的检测结果,165份疟疾标本的阳性率为93.94%,其中镜检和巢氏PCR阳性率分别为87.88%和90.30%;两种方法对疟原虫虫种的误判率为10.32%,其中对间日疟原虫、卵形疟原虫和三日疟原虫的误判率分别为42.86%、40.00%和28.57%,而对恶性疟原虫的误判率为0.85%。结论姬氏染色镜检和巢氏PCR两种方法在疟疾检测中各有优缺点,建议2种方法结合使用以提高疟疾诊断的准确率。
Objective To compare malaria laboratory testing methods and analyze malaria test results. Methods Totally 165 malaria specimens collected in Henan Province in 2012 were detected by Giemsa staining, nested PCR and sequence analysis. The detection methods and results were compared and analyzed. Results The results of microscopic examination, nested PCR and sequence analysis showed that the positive rate of 165 malaria specimens was 93.94%. The positive rates of microscopic examination and nested PCR were 87.88% and 90.30% respectively. The false-positive rate of Plasmodium falciparum was 10.32%. The false-positive rates of Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malaria were 42.86%, 40.00% and 28.57% The false positive rate was 0.85%. Conclusion Both Giemsa staining and nested PCR methods have their own advantages and disadvantages in malaria testing. Two methods are suggested to improve the diagnostic accuracy of malaria.