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利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪等对奥氏体不锈钢HR3C在750℃静态空气和纯水蒸气中的高温氧化行为进行了对比研究,基于对氧化膜微观结构的细致表征,探讨了HR3C在2种气氛中的氧化机制.结果表明:在2种气氛中,HR3C表面均形成连续的(Cr,Mn)2O3膜;静态空气中HR3C合金的氧化动力学均呈现分段式抛物线规律;水蒸气的存在使得(Cr,Mn)2O3膜破裂这一过程提前并大幅加速合金的氧化,导致纯水蒸气中HR3C的氧化动力学整体偏离抛物线规律;(Cr,Mn)2O3膜的破裂是膜与基体界面空洞和膜内生长应力综合作用的结果,这使得裸露的金属基体直接与高温空气或水蒸气反应,形成Fe3O4瘤状物.
The high temperature oxidation behavior of austenitic stainless steel HR3C in static air and pure water vapor at 750 ℃ was studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Based on the detailed characterization of the microstructure of the oxide film, The results show that the continuous (Cr, Mn) 2O3 films are formed on the surface of HR3C in both atmospheres, and the oxidation kinetics of HR3C in static air shows a piecewise parabolic law. (Cr, Mn) 2O3 film ruptures in advance and greatly accelerates the oxidation of the alloy, resulting in pure water vapor HR3C overall deviation from the oxidation kinetics of the parabolic law; (Cr, Mn) 2O3 film rupture is the membrane and the substrate interface As a result of the combination of voids and in-growth stress in the film, the bare metal matrix reacts directly with hot air or water vapor to form Fe3O4 nodules.