论文部分内容阅读
目的：探索山参类药材的种类与鉴别方法。方法：在山参药材的原产地和各地市场考察药材来源、生长环境及商品的形态特征。结果：山参类药材来源复杂，形态多样。药材的来源、植物的生长环境和年龄都决定着药材的性状。人参的根茎及残茎痕、不定根、主根的收缩纹和须根分布形态等与环境和生长年限的关系尤为密切，但各种性状之间存在着变异的规律性和相关性。结论：目前市场上的山参类药材分为四类：野山参、移山参、育山参和池底子，正确地鉴别山参类药材，必须综合各种性状。根茎的圆柱状部分（圆芦）、下垂的不定根（下垂）、主根肩部的线形收缩纹（铁线纹）及带疣状突起的细长柔韧的须根系（珍珠须）是最重要的鉴别性状
Objective: To explore the species and identification methods of wild ginseng. Methods: The source of the medicinal materials, the growth environment and the morphological characteristics of the commodities were investigated in the origin of the wild ginseng medicinal herbs and the local markets. Results: The sources of ginseng ginseng are complex and various in shape. The source of herbs, the growing environment and the age of the plants determine the properties of the herbs. The ginseng roots and residual stem marks, adventitious roots, contractions of the main root, and fibrous root distribution patterns are particularly closely related to the environment and growth period, but there are regularities and correlations between variations in various traits. Conclusion: Currently, there are four types of wild ginseng herbs on the market: wild ginseng, migrating ginseng, yam ginseng, and Chidizi. Correct identification of medicinal materials of ginseng requires comprehensive traits. The cylindrical part of the rhizome (circular reed), the adventitious adventitious root (dip drooping), the linear contraction lines (iron lines) of the main root shoulder, and the slender, flexible fibrous root system (pearls) with scallops are the most important Identification of traits