本文分析了淮南麦区超高产小麦产量构成因素形成特点及其生理特性，表明超高产小麦产量穗数、结实粒数和粒重协调，表现为高茎蘖成穗率、高可孕花率、高可孕花结实率、高籽粒充实度；超高产小麦群体起点低，光合面积发展合理，花后根系吸收功能和叶片光合功能强，衰老慢，花后干物质积累量大，产量高。 This paper analyzed the formation characteristics and physiological characteristics of the yield components of super-high-yielding wheat in Huainan wheat area. The results showed that the yield spike number, grain number and grain weight of super-high-yield wheat were in harmony, High fertile flower seed setting rate and high grain filling degree. The population of super-high-yielding wheat was low in starting point and its photosynthetic area was developed rationally. Its root absorption and photosynthesis were strong, its senescence was slow, the dry matter accumulation after anthesis was high, and its yield was high.