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以2年生富士/八棱海棠嫁接苗为试验材料,用5个供镍水平(Ni SO_4·6H_2O)的Hoagland营养液进行砂培,1个月后叶面喷施~(15)N标记的尿素,20 d后测定叶片的镍含量、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和植株~(15)N–尿素的分配、吸收及利用状况。结果表明:随着施镍量的增加,苹果叶片的镍含量相应增加。低供镍(每株0.5、1.0和2.0 mg NiSO_4·6H_2O)条件下,叶片的GS和SOD活性均不同程度地高于对照(0 mg NiSO_4·6H_2O),其中以单株施镍量1.0 mg NiSO_4·6H_2O处理效果最佳,但是高供镍(10 mg NiSO_4·6H_2O)处理的苹果叶片GS和SOD活性明显低于对照。低供镍(每株0.5、1.0和2.0 mg Ni SO_4·6H_2O)处理的植株~(15)N–尿素利用率均明显高于对照处理,以单株1.0 mg NiSO_4·6H_2O处理的利用率最高,为48.74%,是对照的1.71倍;单株10 mg NiSO_4·6H_2O处理的苹果植株~(15)N–尿素利用率则比对照降低38.26%。此外,镍还会影响苹果植株的~(15)N分配率,单株1.0 mg NiSO_4·6H_2O处理的植株根部~(~(15))N分配率最高,其次是叶片和茎部,其他处理的植株均以叶片部位~(15)N分配率最高。综上所述,适量供镍可以使苹果叶片GS和SOD活性增强,延缓叶片衰老,提高植株对尿素的吸收利用水平,而镍水平过高则影响苹果植株对尿素的吸收和分配。
The two-year-old Fuji / Palus crabappa grafted seedlings were used as experimental materials, and five Hoagland nutrient solutions for nickel (Ni SO 4 · 6H 2 O) were used for sand culture. After one month, ~ (15) N labeled urea The content of nickel, glutamine synthetase (GS) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the distribution, absorption and utilization of plant ~ (15) N-urea were measured after 20 days. The results showed that with the increase of Ni content, the content of Ni in apple leaves increased accordingly. The activities of GS and SOD in leaves were higher than those in the control (0 mg NiSO 4 · 6H 2 O) under low supply of nickel (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg NiSO 4 · 6H 2 O per plant), and the single plant was treated with 1.0 mg NiSO 4 · 6H 2 O treatment was the best, but the activity of GS and SOD in apple leaves treated with 10 mg NiSO 4 · 6H 2 O was significantly lower than that of the control. Urea utilization rates of plants with low supply of nickel (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg Ni SO 4 · 6H 2 O per plant) were significantly higher than those of the control treatment, and the utilization rate of 1.0 mg NiSO 4 · 6H 2 O was the highest, 48.74%, which is 1.71 times of that of the control. The utilization rate of ~ (15) N-urea in 10 mg NiSO 4 · 6H 2 O-treated apple plants was 38.26% lower than the control. In addition, the distribution of ~ (15) N in apple plants was also affected by nickel, and ~ (~ (15)) N at the roots of plants treated with 1.0 mg NiSO 4 · 6H 2 O was the highest, followed by the leaves and stems, Plants all had the highest allocation rate of ~ (15) N in leaves. In summary, the appropriate amount of nickel can enhance the activity of GS and SOD in apple leaves, delay the senescence of leaves and increase the absorption and utilization of urea by plants. However, excessive levels of nickel affect the absorption and distribution of urea by apple plants.