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如何测算R&D投入带来的综合效应,是政府有关部门关注的重要问题。本文基于投入产出法和乘数分析法,以我国2007年42行业R&D投入为例,从产业关联产出增值、劳动者报酬乘数效应值、国民收入乘数效应值以及直接投入新增就业岗位四个角度对R&D投入的综合效应进行了测算,得出以下主要结论:(1)通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业、化学工业、金属冶炼及压延加工业、交通运输设备制造业、通用、专用设备制造业等行业带来的综合效应较大,应重视面向这些产业加大R&D经费投入和人员投入的力度。(2)公共管理和社会组织、邮政业、建筑业、教育、水利、环境和公共设施管理业等行业带来的综合效应较小。(3)全社会应进一步重视R&D投入所产生的巨大效应,优化科研经费投向,动态调整科研经费投入结构,提高其综合效应。本文的研究方法可以为类似研究提供借鉴,研究结论可以为有关部门的R&D投资决策提供实证参考。
How to measure the comprehensive effect brought by R & D investment is an important issue that government departments concerned about. Based on the input-output method and multiplier analysis method, taking the R & D investment of 42 industries in China as an example, from the point of view of the value-added of related industries, multiplier effect value of laborers, multiplier effect of national income and direct investment (1) Communication equipment, computer and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, chemical industry, metal smelting and rolling processing industry, transportation equipment manufacturing industry, General purpose, special equipment manufacturing industry brought greater comprehensive effect, we should pay attention to these industries to increase R & D funding and personnel input. (2) The combined effects of public administration and social services, postal services, construction, education, water conservancy, environment and public facilities management industries are relatively small. (3) The whole society should pay more attention to the huge effect caused by R & D investment, optimize the investment of scientific research funds, dynamically adjust the input structure of scientific research funds and improve its comprehensive effect. The research method of this article can provide reference for similar research. The research conclusion can provide empirical reference for R & D investment decision of relevant departments.