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目的:观察红豆杉多糖对犬心肌缺血再灌注损伤(MIRI)模型心肌组织损伤及超微结构变化的影响。方法:将30只比格犬随机分为假手术组、模型组、红豆杉多糖低剂量组(89.5mg.kg-1.d-1)、红豆杉多糖高剂量组(357mg.kg-1.d-1)、卡维地洛组(1mg.kg-1.d-1),每组6只,灌胃7d后,建立MIRI模型。苏木精-伊红(HE)染色,光镜观察心肌组织损伤病理改变;日立H-600Ⅳ型透射电子显微镜观察心肌细胞超微结构的改变。结果:光镜下观察:假手术组心肌细胞排列整齐,无明显病理变化。模型组心肌严重紊乱、断裂,核固缩及胞浆嗜酸性变明显,轻到中度充血、水肿及炎细胞浸润;红豆杉多糖高剂量及卡维地洛组心肌细胞紊乱、断裂程度较轻,核固缩及胞浆嗜酸性变明显减少,部分组织仍有轻度充血、水肿。电镜下模型组收缩带肌丝断裂、溶解;线粒体肿胀,嵴排列紊乱、部分断裂、溶解、空泡形成,线粒体基质中致密颗粒减少;核周肌丝断裂,核染色质固缩,边集,核变空,核膜表面凹凸不平。红豆杉多糖高剂量组及卡维地洛组心肌细胞肌丝、线粒体、胞核等的病变程度较轻。结论:光镜及透射电镜均证实红豆杉多糖具有减轻MIRI的作用,该作用可能与其保护线粒体、胞核、肌丝及抑制心肌细胞凋亡有关。
Objective: To observe the effect of Taxus polysaccharides on myocardium injury and ultrastructure of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) in dogs. Methods: 30 Beagle dogs were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, low dose group of polysaccharide of Taxus (89.5mg.kg-1.d-1), high dose group of paclitaxel (357mg.kg-1. d-1), carvedilol group (1mg.kg-1.d-1), 6 rats in each group. After 7 days of intragastric administration, MIRI model was established. The hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of myocardial tissue injury by light microscope. The ultrastructure of myocardial cells was observed by Hitachi H-600Ⅳ transmission electron microscope. Results: Under light microscope, the cardiomyocytes in the sham operation group were arranged neatly with no obvious pathological changes. Severe myocardial infarction, rupture, nuclear pyknosis and cytoplasm eosinophilic changes were observed in model group, moderate to severe hyperemia, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed. Cardiomyocytes in high dose of taxol and carvedilol group were less disturbed and fragmented , Nuclear pyknosis and eosinophilic cytoplasm significantly reduced, some tissues are still mild congestion, edema. Under the electron microscope, the myofilament ruptured and dissolved in the contractile zone of the model group. The mitochondria were swollen and the cristae were disordered, partially broken, dissolved and vacuolized. The densified granules in the mitochondrial matrix decreased. The perinuclear myofilament rupture, nuclear chromatin condensation, Nuclear empty, nuclear membrane surface uneven. Taxus polysaccharide high-dose group and carvedilol group myocardial cells myofilament, mitochondria, nucleus and other lesions less. Conclusion: Both light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed that Taxus chinensis polysaccharides could reduce MIRI, which may be related to the protection of mitochondria, nucleus and myofilament and the inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis.