本文首先论述了我国新时期民族关系的完善必须坚持平等的原则。坚持民族平等要反对“我族中心主义”的立场,把思想认识从那些不合时宜的观念束缚中解放出来。其次论述了完善民族关系必须坚持民族团结的原则。民族团结有自身的条件要求,并且这种条件要求随着时代的发展而变化。满足民族团结的条件要求要在思想上重视,行动中践行。完善民族关系必须坚持开展马克思主义民族观教育,反对“两种民族主义”,必须坚持理论和实践的结合,从“大处着眼,小处着手”。 This article first discusses the principle of equality that must be upheld for the improvement of ethnic relations in the new era of our country. Adhere to the principle of national equality to oppose “my family centrism,” and liberate the ideological understanding from the shackles of outdated notions. Secondly, it discusses the principle of national unity that must be insisted on perfecting national relations. National unity has its own requirements for conditions, and this requirement of conditions changes with the development of the times. Satisfying the conditions of national unity requires that we attach importance to our thinking and act in our actions. In order to perfect ethnic relations, we must persist in carrying out the education of Marxist outlook on ethnic groups and oppose the “two nationalisms.” We must adhere to the combination of theory and practice and proceed from “focusing on the major and minor points.”