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本文从唯物主义对自然科学的依赖、指导和超越几个方面,全面论述了二者的辩证关系。文章特别提出并讨论了唯物主义在遵循事物发展的普遍规律的前提下对自然科学的两种超越形式;其一是唯物主义在其自身的逻辑发展中能够作出自然科学在未来发展阶段才能证实的科学结论;其二是有些研究领域,由于自然科学实证方法的局限,只能由理论思维去把握。这后一种超越并不是离开了实践的检验,而是集中体现在人的实践经过千百万次重复的、“有着先入之见的巩固性和公理的性质”的逻辑证明之中。
This article comprehensively expounds the dialectical relationship between the two in the aspects of materialism’s dependence on natural science, guidance and surpassing. In particular, the article puts forward and discusses the two transcendental forms of natural science under the precondition that materialism follows the universal law of things. The first is that materialism can make a confirmation of natural science in the future developmental stage in its own logical development Scientific conclusion; the other is some research fields, which can only be grasped by theoretical thinking due to the limitations of the empirical methods of natural science. This latter transcendence does not depart from the test of practice but concentrates on the logical proof that man’s practice has been repeated millions of times, “with the solidarity and axiological nature of preconceptions”.