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21世纪以来主要由地方属高校推动的高等教育快速扩张,部分归因于地方政府提升土地价值、扩大土地财政收入的激励。通过构建地市级面板数据模型的计量分析发现,高等教育规模显著提升了土地出让均价:在校生规模每增加1万人,土地出让平均价格提升15.12~16.54元/平方米;第二类城市(非直辖市、非省会、非计划单列市)高等教育发展的土地价格提升效应,高于第一类城市(含直辖市,省会城市和计划单列市),表明第二类城市为了扩大土地财政规模而发展高等教育的动机更强烈。回归结果还发现,存在异质性的未观测效应:第一类城市的未观测因素在显著促进高等教育扩张的同时限制了土地出让价格的上涨,而第二类城市未观测因素在促进高等教育扩张的同时提升了土地出让均价。
The rapid expansion of higher education, which is mainly driven by local universities and colleges in the 21st century, is attributed in part to the incentives of local governments to raise the value of land and expand the revenue of land. By building a city-level panel data model, the econometric analysis shows that the scale of higher education significantly increased the average price of land transfer: the average price of land transfer increased by 15.12 to 16.54 yuan per square meter for every 10,000 additional students; the second category (Non-municipalities directly under the Central Government, non-municipalities and non-municipalities directly under the Central Government) Higher education development land price increase effect, higher than the first type of cities (including municipalities directly under the Central Government, provincial capitals and cities specifically designated cities), indicating that the second type of cities in order to expand the scale of land finance The motivation for developing higher education is stronger. The regression results also find that there are heterogeneous unobserved effects: unobserved factors in the first type of cities limit the increase of land transfer prices while significantly promoting the expansion of higher education, while the unobserved factors of the second type of cities play an important role in promoting higher education Expansion of land transfer at the same time raise the average price.