1.前言加热炉是石油炼制、石油化工装置中普遍采用的设备,但在其设计及应付事故的经验积累方面还有不少欠缺之处。对于单纯加热的炉子尚可,对于介质在其内进行反应的加热炉,设计技术还远未达到通用化的地步。加热管内的结垢可说是难题之一。其中我们关心的是,由于结焦反应,在炉管内壁上的焦炭附着会引起多大的问题。不管是由于炉管的压差增大,迫使装置紧急停车,还是如图1所示由于炉管传热效果降低,使得 1. Introduction Furnaces are commonly used equipment for petroleum refining and petrochemical installations. However, there are still many deficiencies in the design and experience of accidents. For simple heating of the furnace is acceptable, the media in the reaction of the furnace, the design technology is far from universal. Fouling in a heating tube can be one of the problems. One of our concerns is that, due to coking reactions, how much coke adhesion on the inner wall of the furnace tube can cause. Whether it is due to the tube pressure increases, forcing the device emergency stop, or as shown in Figure 1 due to lower heat transfer tube, making