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采用施液态CO2法,研究了CO2肥对保护地茄果蔬菜光合作用和产量形成的效应,并探讨了CO2与光合作用的关系、CO2肥增产的可能机制和CO2肥施放应注意的事项。结果表明:1)施放CO2肥,能改善保护地茄果类蔬菜的生存环境,极显著地增强光合作用,促进其生理代谢机能。2)施放CO2肥,能极显著或显著地增加茄果类蔬菜的株高、株幅、茎粗、分枝数和果实的纵径等生长发育性状,极显著地提高保护地茄果类蔬菜的平均坐果率、单株坐果数、单果重和单株产量,实现最终的极显著增产。3)CO2肥对保护地茄果类蔬菜生长发育的影响程度因种而异,总体看来,辣椒>茄子>番茄。4)CO2肥对保护地茄果类蔬菜生长发育的促进效应表现为细胞的伸长和纵向生长效应大于细胞的增殖和横向生长。
The effect of CO2 fertilizer on the photosynthesis and yield formation of tomato fruits and vegetables was studied by applying liquid CO2. The relationship between CO2 and photosynthesis, the possible mechanism of CO2 fertilizer increase and the matters needing attention for CO2 fertilizer release were discussed. The results showed as follows: 1) The application of CO2 fertilizer could improve the living environment of the solanaceous vegetables in protected areas, significantly enhance the photosynthesis and promote their physiological and metabolic functions. 2) The application of CO2 fertilizer can significantly or significantly increase the growth and development traits of solanaceous vegetables such as plant height, plant width, stem diameter, branch number and fruit length, and significantly increase the protection of solanaceous vegetables Average fruitsetting rate, number of fruit per plant, weight of fruit and yield per plant, to achieve the ultimate significant increase in yield. 3) The effect of CO2 fertilizer on the growth and development of solanaceous vegetables in protected areas varies from species to species. Generally speaking, pepper> eggplant> tomato. 4) The promotion effect of CO2 fertilizer on the growth and development of solanaceous vegetables in protected areas is that the effect of cell elongation and longitudinal growth is greater than that of cell proliferation and horizontal growth.