公共卫生财政转移支付的根本目的是调节地区间公共卫生投入的差距。论证了转移支付的配置工具应依据科学的方法、规范的配置标准且应便于操作,并探讨了基于因素法我国公共卫生财政转移支付配置中应优先考虑的关键客观因素,如健康需要、健康和资源配置公平性、社会经济状况、公共卫生资源空间可及性、人口学和公共卫生财政配置绩效等。 The fundamental purpose of public health financial transfer payments is to adjust the disparity in public health investment among regions. It is argued that the disposition tools of transfer payment should be based on scientific methods and standardized disposition standards and should be easy to operate. The key objective factors that should be prioritized in public finance transfer payment allocation in China based on the factor method are also discussed, such as health needs, health and Fairness of resource allocation, socioeconomic status, accessibility of public health resources, population and public health financial allocation performance.