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目的比较广州市白云区两镇15岁及以上居民慢性病的患病情况并探讨其相关影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样方法对广州市白云区江高镇和人和镇的9 646位15岁及以上居民进行慢性病患病情况现况调查。结果慢性病的总患病率为18.0%(1 700/9 431),男、女慢性病总患病率依次为17.0%、19.0%,男女患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中江高镇慢性病的患病率为19.2%,人和镇慢性病的患病率为17.6%,两镇慢性病患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。前五位慢性病分别为高血压(8.16%)、糖尿病(2.65%)、血脂异常(1.89%)、胃肠疾病(1.77%)、慢性阻塞性肺病(1.46%)。除慢性阻塞性肺病外,其余4种慢病两镇患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄组之间、不同文化程度间慢性病患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),慢性病患病率随着年龄的增长而呈现出上升趋势,随着文化程度的增高而呈现出下降趋势。江高镇居民饮酒率(10.8%)、高脂饮食率(44.8%)比人和镇居民(22.7%、52.6%)低,而吸烟率(17.6%)、高盐饮食率(45.2%)比人和镇居民(14.4%、33.5%)高,该4种生活方式在两镇之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论慢性病已成为影响白云区居民尤其老年人健康的重要因素,两镇相关部门应针对性地开展及加强以高血压为重点防控慢病、以老年人为重点干预对象的慢性病防治工作。
Objective To compare the prevalence of chronic diseases among residents aged 15 and above in two towns of Baiyun District, Guangzhou and explore the related factors. Methods A total of 9 646 residents aged 15 and over in Jianggao Town and Renhe Town of Baiyun District of Guangzhou City were surveyed by cluster random sampling method for the prevalence of chronic diseases. Results The total prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 18.0% (1700/9 431). The total prevalence rates of chronic diseases of male and female were 17.0% and 19.0% respectively. There was significant difference between male and female prevalence rates (P <0.05). Among them, the prevalence rate of chronic diseases in Jianggao Town was 19.2%, and the prevalence rate of chronic diseases in People’s Town was 17.6%. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of chronic diseases between the two towns (P> 0.05). The top five chronic diseases were hypertension (8.16%), diabetes (2.65%), dyslipidemia (1.89%), gastrointestinal disease (1.77%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.46%). In addition to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the remaining four kinds of chronic disease prevalence of the two towns were statistically significant differences (P <0.05). The prevalence of chronic diseases among different age groups and different educational levels was significantly different (P <0.001). The prevalence of chronic diseases showed an upward trend with age, showing an increasing trend as the educational level increased Downtrend. The drinking rate of residents in Jianggao Township was 10.8%, that of high-fat diet was 44.8%, lower than that of Renhe Township residents (22.7%, 52.6%), while the smoking rate (17.6%) and high-salt diet rate People and townspeople (14.4%, 33.5%) were high, and the differences of the four life styles between the two towns were statistically significant (P <0.001). Conclusion Chronic diseases have become an important factor affecting the health of residents in Baiyun District, especially the elderly. Relevant departments of the two towns should carry out and strengthen targeted prevention and control of chronic diseases with high blood pressure as the key prevention and control of chronic and chronic diseases and the elderly as the key intervention target.