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《启蒙辩证法》对启蒙的反思致力于揭示启蒙的情感根基。启蒙就是彻底而神秘的焦虑,启蒙源自一种深层的恐惧。在启蒙、主体性蕴含着的焦虑中,主体与客体的距离是关键:疏远是消除焦虑与恐惧的基本策略,是撇开个性、特殊性而普遍化的关键所在。哲学、宗教、神话、巫术作为消除焦虑与恐惧的方式,它们之间既有区别又有联系。启蒙不再与神话、诗完全对立,而是包含着某种神话。启蒙暗含着的主体化策略有贬低世界和把世界理性化两种形式。它们都具有深层的情感根基,都是焦虑与恐惧的表现。启蒙对自身情感基础的解释不是为了否定启蒙,而是进一步唤醒启蒙,因而是启蒙自身推进的体现。它表明启蒙仍未完结,哲学仍富有批判性力量,尽管这样的哲学不再与神话和诗完全对立。
The Enlightenment Dialectics devotes itself to reveal the emotional foundations of enlightenment. Enlightenment is a total and mysterious anxiety, enlightenment from a deep fear. In the enlightenment, subjectivity contains the anxiety, the distance between the subject and the object is the key: Alienation is the basic strategy to eliminate anxiety and fear, is to leave aside the personality, the key to universalization. Philosophy, religion, mythology, and witchcraft are both ways of dispelling anxiety and fear, with distinction and connection between them. Enlightenment no longer completely confront myths and poems, but contains some kind of myth. The subjectivistic strategies implicit in Enlightenment have two forms: demeaning the world and rationalizing the world. They all have deep emotional roots, all manifestations of anxiety and fear. Enlightenment interpretation of their own emotional base is not to deny enlightenment, but to further awaken the enlightenment, and therefore embodies the Enlightenment itself to promote the embodiment. It shows that Enlightenment has not yet ended, and philosophy is still full of critical power, though such philosophy no longer completely opposes mythology and poetry.