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在回顾水足迹理论和应用发展的基础上,以2009年数据对中国“蓝水”足迹和“灰水”进行了测算,结果显示中国“灰水”足迹总量远高于“蓝水”足迹,工农业水耗占到中国“蓝水”足迹的85%,而“灰水”足迹的88%由农业部门产生,面源污染将是未来水污染防治的首要目标。基于传统价值型投入产出表,构造了水足迹投入产出的“价值-实物”混合型投入产出表,定义了部门表观水足迹和实质水足迹等核心概念,将农业“绿水”足迹和产业部门“灰水”足迹纳入水足迹投入产出分析,并给出了表观水足迹强度矩阵、完全水足迹强度矩阵、部门实质水足迹分组矩阵等指标集的基本核算流程,该方法可有效体现产业部门的水资源消耗和水污染物排放关联,实现对全过程、结构性水资源和水环境管理的支持。
Based on the review of the development of water footprint theory and its application, the data of 2009 for “Blue Water” and “Gray Water” are calculated. The results show that the total amount of “gray water” footprint in China is far higher In the “blue water” footprint, industrial and agricultural water consumption accounts for 85% of China’s “blue water” footprint, while 88% of the “gray water” footprint is generated by the agricultural sector. Non-point source pollution will be the future water The primary goal of pollution prevention and control. Based on the traditional value input-output table, this paper constructs a “value-in-kind” hybrid input-output table that inputs and outputs water footprint, defines core concepts such as apparent water footprint and substantial water footprint in the sector, Green water “footprints and the industrial sector ” gray water "footprint into the water footprint input-output analysis, and gives an indicator set of apparent water footprint strength matrix, complete water footprint strength matrix, sub-sector real water footprint grouping matrix The basic accounting process can effectively reflect the connection between water consumption and water pollutant discharge in the industrial sector and support the whole process, structural water resources and water environment management.