陶俑作为明(冥)器,是中国奴隶社会时期殉葬制度演化的产物。奴隶社会时期,奴隶主用奴隶殉葬,动辄数百数十(参见《墨子·节葬篇》)。随着生产的发展和对于劳动力的需要,特别是由于奴隶的反抗斗争,迫使奴隶主统治阶级不得不采用泥塑草扎的俑取代人殉,所谓“涂车刍灵,自古有之,明器之道也”(《礼·檀弓》),正是以泥土为车,以茅草为人马,用俑随葬的写照。到汉代,随着制陶业的发展,盛行以陶制品随葬,其中不仅有陶制日用器皿,而且,陶俑亦大量存在。随葬的陶俑不仅显示了豪门贵族的 Pottery figurines, as Ming (Ming) device, is the product of the evolution of sacrificial burial system during the slave society in China. Slave society, slave owners buried with slaves, often hundreds and hundreds (see Mozi Festival section). With the development of production and the need for the workforce, especially because of the slave’s resistance struggle, the slave owners ruling classes were forced to replace the martyrdom with clay figurines, the so-called “ Tao also ”(“ Etiquette Tan Gong ”), it is the soil for the car to thatch for the horses, figurines burial portrayal. To the Han Dynasty, with the development of pottery industry, the prevalence of pottery products burial, not only pottery utensils, but also a large number of pottery figurines exist. Burial pottery figurines not only shows the wealthy nobility