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如何解决金融机构所暴露的“大而不能倒”及道德风险问题,是本次金融危机后各国和国际社会改革金融监管制度的重要内容之一。“生前遗嘱”概念的引入,无疑是金融监管领域的一次重大制度创新。作为国际上一种新的提法,各国对它的研究和制度构建尚处于起步阶段。建立和完善生前遗嘱制度,至少应包括内容的适当设计、适用对象的选择和确定、明确的审查机关和程序规范、清晰的法律责任等方面。生前遗嘱制度在解决银行“大而不能倒”问题方面具有一定的积极作用,但仍存在一定的制度难点需要克服。中国应积极研究在金融领域引入生前遗嘱制度的可行性。
How to solve the problem of “too big to fail” and moral hazard exposed by financial institutions is one of the important contents of reforming the financial supervision system of all countries and the international community after the financial crisis. The introduction of the concept of “living wills” is undoubtedly a major institutional innovation in the field of financial supervision. As a new international reference, all countries are still at an early stage in their research and institutional construction. The establishment and improvement of the living testament system shall at least include the appropriate design of the content, the selection and determination of the applicable objects, the clear examination of the organs and procedures, and clear legal responsibilities. Living wills play a positive role in solving the problem of “big but failing”, but there are still some institutional difficulties that need to be overcome. China should actively study the feasibility of introducing a living testament system into the financial sector.