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为探讨在外水压力作用下隧道围岩和衬砌的力学承载特性,以龙潭隧道为依托,进行了随机有限元数值模拟。模拟采用了响应面法和蒙特卡罗模拟的手段,并进行了响应面方程拟合和概率敏感性及相关性的计算分析。分析结果表明,在外水压力的作用下,隧道衬砌的破坏形式以受压破坏为主,提高围岩弹性模量较衬砌弹性模量对改善衬砌承载外水压的力学性能更为有效。并在此基础上指出,外水压下的衬砌设计和隧道施工应考虑下述因素:围岩可以分担外水压力的承载特性、地层结构法的计算模型、注浆具有堵水和加固的双重效果。
In order to explore the mechanical bearing characteristics of surrounding rock and lining of tunnel under external water pressure, the finite element numerical simulation was carried out based on Longtan tunnel. The methods of response surface method and Monte Carlo simulation are adopted in the simulation, and the response surface equation fitting and the calculation of probability sensitivity and correlation are carried out. The results show that under the action of external water pressure, the failure modes of tunnel lining are mainly compression failure. It is more effective to improve the elastic modulus of surrounding rock than lining elastic modulus to improve the mechanical performance of lining outside water pressure. On this basis, it is pointed out that the following factors should be considered in lining design and tunnel construction under external water pressure: bearing capacity of surrounding rock can be divided into external water pressure, calculation model of stratum structure method, double grouting with water blocking and reinforcement effect.