虫媒病毒是指一些通过吸血的节肢动物(蚊、蜱、白蛉及一些吸血的小虫)叮咬敏感的脊椎动物而传播疾病的病毒。这些病毒必须能在敏感的节腔动物体内繁殖,而不是机械地传播。病毒在自然界的循环是靠媒介来维持的。虫媒病毒病大多数是自然疫源性疾病,人进入疫区就有被感染的可能,其中许多疾病是人畜共患的疾病。虫媒病毒的命名是比较复杂的,有的是根据它所引起的疾病(如黄热病病毒);有的是根据最初分离病毒的地名来命名(如圣路易脑炎);有的是根据上述两种情况,即 Arboviruses are viruses that spread disease through the bite of sensitive vertebrates by blood-sucking arthropods (mosquitoes, ticks, whiteflies and some blood-sucking bugs). These viruses must be able to multiply in sensitive noctiluca animals rather than mechanically. The virus’s circulation in nature is maintained by the media. Arboviruses are mostly natural foci, and people are infected when they enter the infected area. Many of these diseases are zoonotic diseases. Arboviruses are more complex nomenclature, some based on the diseases they cause (eg, yellow fever virus), others are based on the names of the isolates from which the virus was originally isolated (eg St. Louis encephalitis), and some are based on the two conditions described above