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研究与技术验证机(简称验证机),是为在飞行中研究有关航空航天的重大科学技术问题而专门制造或改装的飞行器。验证机最早出现在二战末期,美国、前苏联/俄罗斯、英国、法国、瑞典等国家先后制造了一系列的验证机。其中以美国的×系列验证机最为有名,已从X-1验证机发展到目前的X-50验证机。下面从X-31起,对×系列验证机做一简要介绍。 X-31:短距起降验证机。美国与德国合作研制,用于验证失速机动性概念,为下一代战斗机的设计提供技术指南。 X-32与X-35:“联合攻击战斗机”(JSF)的验证机。 X-33:可重复使用航天器的无人驾驶技术验证机。用于低轨道试验。1999年终止计划。 X-34:空中发射的可重复使用航天运载器的技术验证机。共制造了3架,并进行了3次高速拖曳试验。2001年取
Research and Technology Validators (referred to as validators) are aircraft specially manufactured or modified for the purpose of studying major scientific and technical issues relating to aerospace in flight. The earliest validator appeared in the late World War II, the United States, the former Soviet Union / Russia, Britain, France, Sweden and other countries have created a series of verification machine. One of the most famous of the United States × series of validators, has been developed from the X-1 validator to the current X-50 validator. The following from the X-31, on the series of X machine to make a brief introduction. X-31: Take-off and landing certification machine short. The United States and Germany jointly developed to verify the concept of stalling mobility for the design of next-generation fighter to provide technical guidance. X-32 and X-35: Joint Strike Fighters (JSF) validators. X-33: Driverless Technology Validator for Reusable Spacecraft. For low orbit test. Plan termination in 1999. X-34: Technical verifier for aerial launch reusable spacecraft. A total of three were manufactured and three high-speed tow tests were conducted. Take in 2001