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传统地震资料处理将多次波视为干扰波进行压制,而多次波是有效波在地层中来回传播的反馈,因此它携带了地层反射系数信息。本文从多次波成因出发,推导出反射系数公式(反射系数等于一阶多次波与一次反射波的反褶积)。理论模型实验证明了该方法的正确性。对实际海洋单道地震资料进行处理,求取的反射系数与有效波基本吻合,但由于资料信噪比、子波及反褶积算法等局限性,该技术有待进一步研究。
Traditional seismic data processing treats multiple waves as interference waves, and multiple waves are the feedback of effective waves traveling back and forth in the formation. Therefore, it carries the formation reflection coefficient information. Based on the causes of multiples, this paper deduces the reflection coefficient formula (the reflection coefficient is equal to the deconvolution of first order multiple wave and first reflection wave). The theoretical model experiment proves the correctness of the method. The actual ocean single-channel seismic data is processed, and the obtained reflection coefficient is basically consistent with the effective wave. However, due to the limitations of data signal-to-noise ratio, wavelet and deconvolution algorithms, this technique needs further study.