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我省冬季气候温和,多数地区在晚稻收获后的冬闲田可以种一季油菜。这对提高复种指数,增加油料生产,改善人民生活,都有重要作用。一、因地制宜,选用良种。油菜的品种有三大类:白荣型品种,成熟早,但抗病性差,产量稍低;甘兰型品种,成熟较晚,抗毒素病,产量高,但易感染菌核病,不耐旱;芥菜型品种,耐旱,耐瘠,抗倒,适于高寒山区栽培,我省很少种植。由于甘兰型油菜抗逆性强,耐肥高产,一般比白菜型增产三至五成,是目前提倡推广的重点。但我省现有栽培的甘兰型品种尚少,除“胜利油菜”栽培较多,“矮架早”、“东风早”、“云油7号”、“湘油3号”、“宜油2号”等品种,都尚在试种中。白菜型油菜在我省栽培的历史较久,虽然产量不及甘兰型,但由于生育期短,便于安排前、后作物的农活,因此栽培面积比较大。其主要品种有“浦城油菜”、“邵武红茎油菜”、“福清油菜”、“福州油菜”等。
In our province, the winter climate is mild. In most areas, one-season rape can be planted in the winter fallow fields after the harvest of late rice. This plays an important role in raising the multiple cropping index, increasing oil production and improving the people’s livelihood. First, according to local conditions, the selection of elite. Brassica napus varieties have three categories: Bai Rong type, early maturity, but poor resistance, yield slightly lower; Brandou type, late maturity, antitoxin disease, high yield, but susceptible sclerotiorum, no drought tolerance; Mustard-type varieties, drought, barren, anti-down, suitable for cultivation in the alpine mountains, the province rarely planted. Due to stress resistance of Brassica napus, high yield, high yield, generally increase cabbage-type than three to five, is to promote the current focus. However, there are still a few cultivars of cultivars cultivated in our province, except for “Shengli rape” cultivated more, “short frame early”, “Dongfeng early”, “Yunyou 7” “Hunan Oil 3 ”, “Yili Oil 2 ” and other varieties, are still in trial planting. Cabbage-type rape cultivation in our province a long history, although less than the output of sweet-type, but because of short growth period, easy to arrange before and after crop farming, so the cultivation area is relatively large. The main varieties are “Pucheng rape ”, “Shaowu red stalk rape ”, “Fuqing rape ”, “Fuzhou rape ” and so on.