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目的了解婴儿血铅与母亲血铅和乳铅等因素的相关关系,为防治儿童铅中毒提供参考依据。方法2002年11至12月,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法,测定厦门市177名0～11个月的婴儿及其母亲的血铅,并对小儿出生情况及其母亲、家庭环境等相关因素进行问卷调查。结果177例婴儿血铅的几何均值为(0.37±0.15)μmol/L,范围为0.12～1.36μmol/L,≥0.48μmol/L者46例(占25.99%);母亲血铅的均值为(0.50±0.14)μmol/L,范围为0.21～2.38μmol/L;177例中有160例为母乳喂养儿,其中105例采集出乳汁,乳铅的几何均值为(0.17±0.08)μmol/L,婴儿血铅与母亲的血铅和乳铅密切相关,表明母体的铅可以通过乳汁影响到婴儿血铅水平。旧商业区婴儿的血铅、婴儿母亲乳铅水平均高于其他地区,婴儿血铅水平主要与母亲血铅、婴儿月龄和母亲在职等呈正相关关系,而与母亲身高等因素呈负相关关系。结论母乳喂养儿的血铅水平除了与母亲血铅水平相关外,还与乳铅密切相关,因此在婴儿喂养方式的选择和家庭抚育行为方面须引起重视。
Objective To understand the relationship between infant blood lead and maternal blood lead and milk lead, and to provide a reference for prevention and treatment of childhood lead poisoning. Methods From January to December in 2002, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine the blood lead level in 177 infants and their mothers from 0 to 11 months in Xiamen City. The incidence of infants and their relatives in the mother’s and family environment Questionnaire. Results The geometric mean blood lead levels of 177 infants were (0.37 ± 0.15) μmol / L, ranging from 0.12 to 1.36 μmol / L, and those with ≥0.48 μmol / L were 25.99% ± 0.14) μmol / L in the range of 0.21-2.38 μmol / L. Of the 177 infants, 160 were breast-fed, of which 105 were milk and the geometric mean of milk-derived lead was (0.17 ± 0.08) μmol / Blood lead is closely related to maternal blood lead and milk lead, indicating that maternal lead can affect infant blood lead levels through milk. The levels of blood lead and infant mothers in the old commercial areas were higher than those in other areas. The level of blood lead in the babies was positively correlated with the levels of mothers ’blood lead, the age of the babies and the mothers’ working grade, but negatively correlated with the mother’s height . Conclusion The level of blood lead in breastfeeding children is closely related to milk lead in addition to the level of blood lead in mothers. Therefore, attention should be paid to the choice of feeding methods and family-raising behaviors.