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诉求排除效是美国民事既判力的效力之一,它的基本含义是指,一旦特定诉求被提交裁判,且一个有效的终局裁判业已做出,那么,即禁止当事人就同一诉求再行起诉。美国现代司法基于一揽子处理的理念,将原被告之间基于同一交互关系而产生的、原告在现有法律体系下能够用尽的权利主张与可寻求的救济统统处理为一个诉求,以实现司法效率的最大化。诉求排除效规则在多数当事人之诉、合同之诉以及侵权之诉领域都有其特定的应用规则和例外,其在反诉领域的适用亦自成体系。
The exclusion of claims is one of the effects of the res judicata in the United States. Its basic meaning is that once a particular claim is submitted to a referee and an effective final ruling has been made, the parties are prohibited from further prosecution for the same claim. Based on the concept of blanket processing, the modern American judicial system treats the plaintiffs’ rights and interests as exhaustive and seekable remedies under the existing legal system as an appeal to achieve the judicial efficiency Maximize. Appeal exclusion rules have their own specific application rules and exceptions in most parties’ complaints, contracts and infringement claims, and their application in the area of counterclaims is also self-contained.