目的:探讨“复方白毛夏枯草”治疗慢性支气管炎的作用机制。方法:采用烟熏法加气管内注射脂多糖复制慢性支气管炎大鼠模型,实验动物随机分为正常对照组、模型自愈组、可待因组、“复方白毛夏枯草”大、中、小剂量组。以可待因、“复方白毛夏枯草”大、中、小剂量进行干预,测定各组大鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-1(IL-1β)的含量。结果:模型自愈组大鼠血清中TNF-α和IL-1β含量均较正常对照组明显升高(Ρ<0.01);与模型自愈组相比较,治疗各组大鼠血清TNF-α和IL-1β含量均明显降低(Ρ<0.05或Ρ<0.01);“复方白毛夏枯草”大、中剂量组和可待因组血清TNF-α和IL-1β均明显低于小剂量组(P<0.01);“复方白毛夏枯草”大、中剂量组血清TNF-α和IL-1β含量与可待因组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:“复方白毛夏枯草”能降低血清TNF-α和IL-1β含量,这可能是该方治疗慢性支气管炎的作用机制之一。 Objective: To investigate the mechanism of action of compound white hay Prunella on chronic bronchitis. Methods: A rat model of chronic bronchitis was induced by intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by the smoke method. The experimental animals were randomly divided into normal control group, model self-healing group, codeine group, Medium and low dose group. Intervene with codeine, “compound white hay Prunella” in large, medium and small doses to determine the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1β) content. Results: The contents of TNF-α and IL-1β in serum of model self-healing group were significantly higher than those of normal control group (P <0.01). Compared with model self-healing group, (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The levels of serum TNF-α and IL-1β in large and middle dose group and codeine group were significantly lower than those in low dose group (P <0.01). The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in large and medium doses of compound white hay Prunella were not significantly different from those in codeine group (P> 0.05). Conclusion: “Compound White-haired Prunella vulgaris” can reduce the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, which may be one of the mechanisms of the treatment of chronic bronchitis.