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中国作为一个人口大国,拥有丰裕且成本低廉的劳动力。改革开放后,劳动密集型制造业的发展更是对国民经济的快速腾飞起到了良好的拉动作用。21世纪以来,我国劳动密集型制造业开始处于较低的集聚水平,尤其是2008年之后集聚水平急速下降,其中纺织服装类及相关产业的集聚状态相对较高,而饮食加工及其制造类行业与造纸及纸制品业的集聚程度偏低。根据面板数据计量分析得出,劳动力池、运输成本、地方保护与对外贸易对中国劳动密集型制造业具有明显影响。为促进我国劳动密集型制造业的良性发展,应促进地区间人口自由流动,密集铁路公路运输网络,消除地方保护主义,深入推进改革开放。
As a large populous country, China has a rich and low-cost workforce. After the reform and opening up, the development of labor-intensive manufacturing industry has even played a good stimulating role in the rapid take-off of the national economy. Since the 21st century, the labor-intensive manufacturing industry in our country has been at a low level of agglomeration. In particular, the level of agglomeration has been rapidly declining since 2008. Among them, the state of agglomeration of textile, clothing and related industries is relatively high, while that of the food processing and manufacturing industries The concentration with the paper and paper products industry is low. According to panel data, it is concluded that labor pool, transportation cost, local protection and foreign trade have a significant impact on China’s labor-intensive manufacturing industry. In order to promote the sound development of labor-intensive manufacturing in our country, we should promote the free flow of population among regions, the intensive railway road transport network, eliminate local protectionism and further promote the reform and opening up.