宏基因组高通量测序技术通过对临床样本中微生物和宿主核酸的测序分析，可以无偏倚地检测多种病原微生物，正在逐渐应用于临床感染性疾病病原检测，然而业界对该技术的临床适应证、实验流程、质量管理、性能验证和报告解读等方面仍有困惑。中华医学会检验医学分会临床微生物学组、中华医学会微生物学与免疫学分会临床微生物学组、中国医疗保健国际交流促进会临床微生物与感染分会组织专家对上述问题进行了讨论并撰写了专家共识，对一些关键问题给出了推荐意见和处理方法，希望有益于业界的良性互动，促进该技术规范和发展，为临床抗感染诊治提供帮助。“,”Metagenomic next-generation sequencing, the analysis of microbial and host genetic material in samples from patients, can detect pathogens unbiasedly. The emerging approach is rapidly moving to clinical laboratories for pathogen detection in infectious diseases. However, there are some problems about the clinical indications, experimental procedures, quality management, performance verification and report interpretation of the technology. Experts from the Clinical Microbiology Group of Chinese Society of Laboratory Medicine, the Clinical Microbiology Group of Chinese Society of Microbiology and Immunology, and the Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infection of China International Exchange and Promotion Association for Medical and Healthcare discussed the above problems, wrote the expert consensus, and gave recommendations for some key issues. Hope to benefit the positive interaction of the industry, promote the technical specifications and development, and provide help for clinical anti-infection diagnosis and treatment.