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目的了解深圳市外来务工人群丙肝病毒感染的流行现状,探索其HCV感染现状和健康教育需求。方法采用定量、定性调查与实验室检查相结合的方法调查2014年深圳市2个健康体检中心体检门诊3 002名体检者,其中1570名参与HCV知晓率调查,43人参与健康教育需求评估焦点小组讨论。结果外来务工人群HCV检测阳性率为0.3%,知识知晓率为32.47%。健康教育需求评估发现,外来务工人群对HCV的相关知识了解不够,HCV感染的危险因素存在的形式多样,目标人群习惯于通过网络和社交媒体获取健康信息,肝炎相关的社会歧视广泛存在。结论深圳市外来务工人员HCV检出率较低,但危险因素广泛存在且形式多样,应尽快采取预防措施,结合新媒体等多种方式加强健康教育,并营造良好的社会环境。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in migrant workers in Shenzhen and to explore the status quo of HCV infection and health education needs. Methods A total of 3 002 physical examinations at 2 health examination centers in Shenzhen in 2014 were investigated by quantitative, qualitative and laboratory tests. Among them, 1570 were involved in the HCV awareness survey and 43 were involved in the health education needs assessment focus group discuss. Results The positive rate of HCV in migrant workers was 0.3% and the rate of knowledge was 32.47%. Health education needs assessment found that migrant workers do not know enough about the relevant knowledge of HCV, HCV infection risk factors exist in various forms, the target population is accustomed to access to health information through the Internet and social media, hepatitis-related social discrimination widespread. Conclusion The detection rate of HCV in migrant workers in Shenzhen is relatively low, but the risk factors are widespread and diverse. Preventive measures should be taken as soon as possible to strengthen health education in various ways, such as new media, and create a good social environment.