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目的了解重庆市北碚区2006-2014年水痘发病的流行特征,为水痘防控提供依据。方法对重庆市北碚区2006-2014年水痘疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2006-2014年重庆市北碚区共报告水痘病例3 501例,年平均发病率为60.92/10万。发病时间集中在4-6月和10-12月,分别占报告病例总数的35.66%和37.06%;年龄以14岁及以下为主,占总病例的78.12%,集中在4-9岁,占47.02%;职业以学生和幼托儿童为主,占总病例的85.40%。水痘疫苗平均接种率为18.63%。期间发生暴发疫情11起,主要集中在10-12月。结论水痘具有明显的季节性发病高峰,学生和幼托儿童是水痘的高发人群,建议将水痘疫苗纳入扩大免疫规划范围,提高疫苗的接种率,同时积极探索第2剂次水痘疫苗接种程序。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of chickenpox in Beibei District of Chongqing from 2006 to 2014 and provide basis for the prevention and control of chickenpox. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of the epidemic situation of chicken pox in Beibei District of Chongqing from 2006 to 2014 was conducted. Results A total of 3 501 chickenpox cases were reported in Beibei District of Chongqing from 2006 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 60.92 / 100 000. The onset time was mainly in April-June and October-December, accounting for 35.66% and 37.06% of the total reported cases respectively. The age was 14 years old and below, accounting for 78.12% of the total cases, with a focus on 4-9 years old 47.02%; occupations were mainly students and child care children, accounting for 85.40% of the total cases. The average vaccination rate of varicella vaccine was 18.63%. Eleven outbreaks occurred during the period, mainly concentrated in the 10-12 months. Conclusions Chickenpox has obvious seasonal peak. Students and kindergarten children are the high incidence of chickenpox. It is suggested that the chickenpox vaccine should be included in the expanded immunization program to improve the vaccination rate. At the same time, the program of varicella vaccine should be actively explored.