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鼻咽癌是中国南方省份的高发肿瘤之一,东北地区属鼻咽癌(NPC)相对低发区。本文对211例黑龙江省籍NPC病人进行了临床分析,结果显示,北方NPC病理类型以低分化鳞癌为主(79.62％),易发生颈部淋巴结转移(转移率78.67％)。临床首发症状以颈部肿块居多,鼻咽部病灶隐匿,就诊时多是中晚期,临床分期以Ⅲ Ⅳ_a期占多数(80.01％)。死亡原因主要是局部复发和远处转移。早期诊断是提高本病生存率的关键。对原因不明的头痛、耳鸣、涕血及颈部肿块要警惕该病的可能性。
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the high-risk tumors in the southern provinces of China. The northeastern region is a relatively low-risk area for NPC. In this paper, 211 cases of Heilongjiang provincial NPC patients were analyzed, the results showed that the northern pathological type of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the NPC (79.62%), cervical lymph node metastasis (metastasis rate of 78.67%). The first clinical symptom was mostly cervical mass, concealed nasopharyngeal lesion, mostly mid-late stage of treatment, and the clinical stage was mainly Ⅲ Ⅳ_a (80.01%). The main cause of death is local recurrence and distant metastasis. Early diagnosis is the key to improve the survival rate of this disease. Unknown reasons for headaches, tinnitus, runny nose and neck mass should be alert to the possibility of the disease.