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谷氨酸是脊椎动物中枢神经系的主要兴奋性神经递质,对中枢神经系的可塑性及学习起很大作用.N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体是谷氨酸的受体之一.当NMDA受体活动增强时,可使钙离子间细胞内流量增加,是脑外伤后引起脑水肿及脑细胞坏死的原因之一.为观察NMDA受体在成年大鼠大脑皮层及嗅脑内的分布,我们用SD大鼠作实验.灌注取脑后,将脑作冰冻切片,用NMDA受体的信息核糖核酸为探针(NMDAmRNA),用碱性磷酸酶法染色,用olympus AH_3型显微镜进行观察.有NMDA受体分布的区域染成鲜蓝色.在镜下观察到NMDA受体为细粉末点状,分布在细胞的不同部位.观察结果表明NMDA受体在大鼠皮层及嗅脑内有广泛分布.嗅球的僧帽状细胞的胞浆内含大量NMDA受体,大脑前额叶及其基底前脑的各层细胞均含NMDA受体,而顶枕叶的皮层则主要在2～3层及第5层锥体细胞含NMDA受体.大脑及嗅球内NMDA受体在不同区域内分布的不均匀现象,可能表明大鼠的嗅脑、前额叶及基底前脑在其学习活动中起着较重要作用.
Glutamic acid, a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of vertebrates, plays a significant role in the plasticity and learning of the central nervous system.N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are glutamate Of NMDA receptors.When NMDA receptor activity increases, it can increase the intracellular flux of calcium ions, which is one of the causes of brain edema and brain cell necrosis after traumatic brain injury.To observe the effect of NMDA receptor on the brain of adult rat Cortical and olfactory distribution in the brain, we used SD rats to experiment.From the brain, the brain was frozen and sectioned, and the NMDA receptor mRNA was used as a probe (NMDA mRNA) Observed with olympus AH_3 microscope.The areas with NMDA receptor were dyed blue.The NMDA receptors were observed as fine powder dots in different parts of the cells.The results showed that the NMDA receptors in large The rat cortex and olfactory brain are widely distributed.The olfactory bulb of the monkshood cells contain a large number of NMDA receptors in the cytoplasm of the brain, the prefrontal cortex and basal forebrain layers of cells contain NMDA receptors, while the top occipital cortex The NMDA receptors are mainly found in pyramidal cells in layers 2 to 3 and layer 5. NMDA receptors in the brain and olfactory bulb Uneven distribution in the same area, may indicate that the rat olfactory brain, prefrontal cortex and basal forebrain plays a more important role in their learning activities.