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目的了解农村地区0~3岁儿童生长发育的公平性,探索社会经济因素对儿童生长发育公平性的贡献。方法收集贵州、山西农村地区的2 120名儿童及其家庭的基本信息;采用WHO 2006年的标准评价儿童的生长发育状况;采用集中曲线和集中指数评价儿童生长发育的公平性,并对集中指数进行分解以分析社会经济因素对儿童生长发育公平性的贡献。结果调查儿童生长迟缓、低体重、消瘦的集中指数分别为-0.106 2、-0.177 4和-0.074 7,生长迟缓的不公平主要来源于居住地、家庭经济水平、看护人文化程度的差异。结论加大扶贫力度,并为贫困家庭的儿童提供奶粉、营养包,保障0~6岁儿童健康管理的执行力度和执行质量,进一步推进教育公平等应能在改善儿童整体健康的同时减小儿童的健康差异。
Objective To understand the fairness of growth and development of children aged 0-3 years in rural areas and to explore the contribution of socio-economic factors to children’s growth and development fairness. Methods The basic information of 2 120 children and their families in rural areas of Guizhou and Shanxi was collected. The growth and development status of children was assessed by WHO 2006 criteria. The fairness of children’s growth and development was evaluated by concentration curve and concentration index. To analyze the contribution of socio-economic factors to children’s growth and development fairness. Results The concentration index of children with growth retardation, low body weight and emaciation were -0.106 2, -0.177 4 and -0.074 7, respectively. The unfair growth was mainly due to the differences in residence, family level and caregivers. Conclusions Increase the intensity of poverty alleviation and provide milk powder and nutrition package for children in poor families to ensure the implementation and quality of health management of children aged 0-6 and to further promote fair education should be able to reduce the overall risk to children The health difference.