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目的探讨中学生错误的体重认知与减肥行为的关系,为针对性的进行健康教育提供科学依据。方法抽取北京市西城区3所中学954名学生,比较中学生实测体质量指数(BMI)和自报体重之间的差异,采用Logistic回归分析低估体重和高估体重认知模式与减肥行为的关系。结果对自身体重认知错误的学生占62.1%(492/954)。男生倾向于低估体重(低估体重者占44.7%,高估体重者占17.5%),女生倾向于高估体重(低估体重者占20.7%,高估体重者占41.2%),男、女生对自身体重的认知差异有统计学意义(χ~2=20.907,P=0.002)。总体上,低估体重者采取减肥行为的可能性是体重认知正确者的0.265倍(95%CI=0.173~0.404),高估体重者采取减肥行为的可能性是体重认知正确者的10.439倍(95%CI=7.010~15.545)。男、女生均遵循此趋势,但女生减肥行为的产生比男生更依赖于主观判断。结论中学生对于自身体重的理性认知还存在较大的提升空间。应根据性别采取有针对性的健康教育以帮助学生形成正确的体重观,做出正确的健康决策,保持健康体重。
Objective To explore the relationship between weight cognition and weight loss among middle school students in order to provide a scientific basis for health education. Methods A total of 954 students from 3 middle schools in Xicheng District of Beijing were enrolled in this study. The differences between the measured body mass index (BMI) and self-reported body weight of middle school students were compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between underestimated weight and overweight body weight and weight loss behaviors. Results: 62.1% (492/954) students were wrong cognition of their body weight. Boys tended to underestimate their weight (44.7% underestimated the weight and 17.5% overestimated the weight), while girls tended to over-estimate the weight (20.7% underestimated the weight and 41.2% overestimated the weight) There were significant differences in body weight (χ ~ 2 = 20.907, P = 0.002). Overall, the probability of losing weight is 0.265 times that of the correct weight (95% CI = 0.173-0.404), and the probability of losing weight is 10.439 times that of the normal weight (95% CI = 7.010 ~ 15.545). Both boys and girls follow this trend, but the occurrence of girls’ weight loss behavior is more dependent on subjective judgments than boys. Conclusion There is still much room for improvement in middle school students’ rational cognition of their body weight. Should be based on gender to take targeted health education to help students develop the correct concept of weight, make the right health decisions, to maintain a healthy weight.