目的探讨反复喘息患儿细胞、体液免疫功能及血清免疫球蛋白指标在儿童反复喘息性疾病发病机制中的作用,为儿童反复喘息性疾病的治疗提供依据。方法选取2016年1-12月南京医科大学附属南京医院儿科收治的80例反复喘息患儿为研究对象,所有患儿在住院前均未使用过糖皮质激素,将患儿分为两组,即有特应征高危因素的48例患儿为喘息1组,无特应征高危因素的32例患儿为喘息2组,另选取同期在该院住院的非感染性疾病患儿40例作为正常对照组。所有患儿均于住院当天抽取外周静脉血,比较3组患儿T淋巴细胞亚群和血清免疫球蛋白相关指标的差异,分析反复喘息与儿童免疫功能的相关性。结果反复喘息组与正常对照组患儿外周血CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、CD3~+CD8~+、CD3~+CD19~+比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组CD16~+CD56~+比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);喘息1组和喘息2组外周血CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+、CD3~+CD8~+、CD3~+CD19~+、CD16~+CD56~+比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);反复喘息患儿血清中IgG、IgA浓度含量均低于正常对照组,血清IgE浓度高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3组血清中IgM浓度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);喘息1组与喘息2组血清中IgG、IgA、IgE浓度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论反复喘息患儿体内细胞、体液免疫功能紊乱,使患儿免疫力低下,可能导致患儿反复喘息性疾病的发生,适当使用免疫调节剂调节患儿免疫功能,对小儿喘息性疾病的防治有一定的效果。 Objective To investigate the role of cells, humoral immunity and serum immunoglobulin in patients with recurrent wheezing on the pathogenesis of recurrent wheezing in children, and to provide basis for the treatment of recurrent wheezing in children. Methods 80 children with recurrent wheezing admitted to Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January to December in 2016 were selected as study subjects. All children were not treated with glucocorticoid before hospitalization. The children were divided into two groups Forty-eight children with high-risk factors for asthma were wheeze, 32 children with wheezing without risk factors for special treatment were asthmatic, and another 40 children with non-infectious diseases hospitalized in the same period were selected as normal control group . All children were drawn on the day of hospitalization of peripheral venous blood, T-lymphocyte subsets and serum immunoglobulin-related differences between the three groups were compared to analyze the relationship between recurrent wheezing and childhood immune function. Results There was significant difference in the levels of CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +, CD4 + / CD8 +, CD3 + CD8 +, CD3 + CD19 + in the peripheral blood of children with recurrent wheeze and normal controls (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in CD16 ~ + CD56 ~ + between the two groups (P> 0.05). The levels of CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 + There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the serum level of CD4, CD8 +, CD3 + CD8 +, CD3 + CD19 +, CD16 + (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in serum IgM concentration between the three groups (P> 0.05), wheezing (P> 0.05), the level of serum IgE was higher than that of the normal control group The serum concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgE in group 1 and group 2 had statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion Repeated wheezing in children with cellular and humoral immune dysfunction, so that children with low immunity, may lead to recurrent wheezing in children with the disease, the appropriate use of immunomodulators to regulate immune function in children with asthma prevention and treatment are A certain effect.