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本文试图通过环境保护论中最激进的一派即深层生态学来解读蕾切尔·卡尔森的《寂静的春天》。事实上,不论是深层生态学对容忍经济技术持续发展的谴责,还是其对在主流环保运动中保守主义者庇护下生成的人类中心主义的抨击,都成为一种不可分割的有机体隐喻。将“深层生态学”这一概念追溯到卡尔森,并假设一种“共生”与“多样性”关系,同样也依赖于这一有机体隐喻。本文试图解决以下问题:这种共享的隐喻是否构成对现有规范的挑战,即深层生态学家所主张的让人类的利益从属于这个星球利益?深层生态学对于“多样性”的热情,其合理性有多少?最后,卡尔森的叙事是在何种程度上形成一个中间地带,使捍卫人类中心主义者和生物中心主义或生态中心主义者得以和平相处?
This article attempts to interpret Rachel Carlson’s Silent Spring through the most radical of environmentalism, deep ecology. In fact, neither denunciation by deeper ecology of tolerance of sustainable economic and technological development, nor its criticism of anthropocentrism, which emerged under the protection of conservatives in mainstream environmental movements, has become an indivisible metaphor. Tracing the concept of “deep ecology” to Carlson and assuming a “symbiotic” and “diverse” relationship also depends on this metaphor of the organism. This article attempts to address the question of whether this shared metaphor poses the challenge to the existing norms that the deep ecologists advocate to subordinate the interests of mankind to the interests of the planet? The deep ecology’s passion for “diversity” , And what is its rationality? Finally, to what extent does Carlson’s narrative form an intermediate zone that allows defensible anthropocentrists to live in peace with biocentrists or ecocenters?