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采用碱酸法提纯内蒙古某鳞片石墨矿浮选精矿,研究了原料及其中石英、云母和赤铁矿等主要杂质的嵌布特征和产出形态,考察了NaOH用量、焙烧温度和时间、HCl浓度和用量、酸浸时间等因素对提纯效果的影响,分析了纯化过程中原料及杂质的光谱特性与微观形貌.结果表明,石墨主要呈叶片状或弯曲的鳞片状均匀分布,部分石墨片晶与石英、云母、赤褐铁矿、高岭石等呈连晶或内部镶嵌与包裹;提纯后石墨含碳量由84.32%提高到99.51%(ω);加碱焙烧过程中杂质生成硅(铝)酸钠,酸浸过程中则除去赤铁矿等金属氧化物和氢氧化物沉淀;纯化过程对石墨片晶状结构和微观形貌均没有破坏,表面杂质明显减少.
In this paper, the flotation concentrate of graphite flake in Inner Mongolia was purified by alkali acid method. The characters of embeddedness and the morphology of the main impurities such as quartz, mica and hematite were studied. The effects of NaOH dosage, calcination temperature and time, HCl Concentration and amount of acid leaching time and other factors on the purification effect of the analysis of the purification process of raw materials and impurities in the spectral characteristics and the morphology of the results showed that graphite was mainly blade-like or curved scales evenly distributed, part of the graphite sheet Crystal and quartz, mica, red limonite, kaolinite and other were inlaid or internal mosaic and wrapped; after purification of graphite carbon content increased from 84.32% to 99.51% (ω); alkaline calcination process impurities generated silicon Aluminum) sodium acid, the acid leaching process is to remove the hematite and other metal oxides and hydroxide precipitation; purification process on the graphite sheet crystal structure and the morphology are not damaged, the surface impurities significantly reduced.