目的 了解青年性缺血性脑血管病的病因、危险因素、临床特点。方法 回顾性分析41例青年组患者的病例资料,并与93例老年组及68例对照组进行比较。结果 15～45岁患者有41例,平均年龄(38.37±6.82)岁。病因:动脉粥样硬化(34.1％),小血管闭塞(24.4％),心源性栓塞(17.1％),原因不明(22.0％)。影像学检查累及脑叶者占36.6％。青年脑卒中患者的危险因素明显较对照组多。结论 青年性脑梗死患者中心源性脑栓塞较多。影像学检查显示累及脑叶者最多见。危险因素有吸烟、嗜酒、高血压病、高脂血症、心脏病等。 Objective To understand the etiology, risk factors and clinical features of young patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Methods The data of 41 cases of young patients were retrospectively analyzed and compared with 93 elderly patients and 68 healthy controls. Results 41 patients aged 15 to 45 years, mean age (38.37 ± 6.82) years. Causes: atherosclerosis (34.1%), small vessel occlusion (24.4%), cardioembolism (17.1%), unknown cause (22.0%). Imaging examination involving brain lobes accounted for 36.6%. Risk factors for young stroke patients were significantly more than those in the control group. Conclusion There are more cardioembolism in young patients with cerebral infarction. Imaging studies showed involvement of the most common brain lobe. Risk factors are smoking, alcohol abuse, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease and so on.