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[目的]探讨孕期注射乙型肝炎疫苗对新生儿乙型肝炎免疫的影响.[方法]选择2015年2月至2016年9月间在延边大学附属医院行产前检查并进行分娩的HBsAg阴性孕妇200例,按照随机原则分为对照组和治疗组,每组各为100例.治疗组在孕24,28,36周时分别皮下注射给予乙型肝炎疫苗20μg,对照组不接种乙型肝炎疫苗.采用ELISA法检测乙型肝炎疫苗接种前后孕妇血液和两组所生新生儿脐带血中的HBsAb水平.[结果]孕妇接种乙型肝炎疫苗前体内HBsAb水平>10 U/L者占75%,>100U/L者占35%,接种乙型肝炎疫苗后体内HBsAb水平>10 U/L者占96%,>100 U/L者占70%,相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组孕妇接种乙型肝炎疫苗后所生新生儿脐带血HBsAb水平>10U/L者占90%,>100 U/L者占55%,而未接种乙型肝炎疫苗的对照组孕妇所生新生儿脐带血中HBsAb水平>10 U/L者占66%,>100 U/L者占30%,两组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).[结论]孕期中期(24周)开始常规接种乙型肝炎疫苗可提高孕妇体内HBsAb水平,亦可提高出生新生儿脐带血HBsAb水平.
[Objective] To investigate the effect of hepatitis B vaccine during pregnancy on the immunity of hepatitis B in neonates. [Methods] From February 2015 to September 2016, HBsAg negative pregnant women who had antenatal examination and delivery in Yanbian University Hospital were selected. 200 cases were divided into control group and treatment group according to the randomized principle, with 100 cases in each group.The treatment group received 20μg Hepatitis B vaccine subcutaneously at 24, 28 and 36 weeks of gestation, while the control group did not receive Hepatitis B vaccine The levels of HBsAb in the blood of the pregnant women before and after the hepatitis B vaccination and in the cord blood of the two newborn infants were measured by ELISA. [Results] The HBsAb levels of pre-HBsAb> 10 U / L were 75% > 100 U / L accounted for 35%, HBsAb levels in patients with HBsAb> 10 U / L accounted for 96%,> 100 U / L accounted for 70%, a statistically significant difference (P <0.01) ; Treatment group pregnant women vaccinated with hepatitis B after birth of neonates with cord blood HBsAb levels> 10U / L were 90%,> 100 U / L was 55%, while not vaccinated hepatitis B vaccine pregnant women born Neonatal umbilical cord blood HBsAb levels> 10 U / L accounted for 66%,> 100 U / L were 30%, the difference between the two groups were statistically significant (P <0.01). [Conclusion] The routine hepatitis B vaccination at the second trimester (24 weeks) can increase the level of HBsAb in pregnant women and increase the cord blood HBsAb level in newborn infants.