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目的通过收集2011年到2015年我国放射工作人员查体资料,了解当前我国放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核检查情况,探讨长期小剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员健康的影响。方法全面检索国内相关研究文献,收集到2011-2015年我国符合研究要求的关于职业接触放射线工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核分析直接相关的公开发表文章共82篇,对相关研究进行数据合并与分析,统计放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核率、微核异常率和微核检出率,并对各文献微核率的数据结果进行比较分析。结果医用放射组外周血淋巴细胞微核率为1.46‰,微核异常率为4.36%,微核检出率为53.48%,均明显高于对照组(P<0.01);工业放射组外周血淋巴细胞微核率为1.42‰,微核检出率为51.86%,均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),但微核异常率与对照组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。不同文献间外周血淋巴细胞微核率数据结果差异较大。结论长期低剂量电离辐射对我国放射工作人员的健康有着一定的影响,须加强放射工作人员的放射卫生防护工作,同时还需加强微核试验操作培训和质量控制,确保结果准确可靠。
Objective To collect the data of the radiological staff from 2011 to 2015 in order to understand the current situation of the micronucleus test of peripheral blood lymphocytes in radiation workers in our country and to explore the effect of long-term low-dose ionizing radiation on the health of radiation workers. Methods A total of 82 published articles on the correlation between micronuclear analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes of occupational exposure radiographers in China and 2011-2015 were collected and the data were collected and analyzed in related research , Statistics radiation workers micronucleus rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes, micronucleus anomalies and micronucleus detection rate, and micronucleus rate of the literature data were compared. Results The frequency of micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes in medical radiation group was 1.46 ‰, the abnormal rate of micronuclei was 4.36%, the micronucleus rate was 53.48%, which were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.01) The rate of micronuclei was 1.42 ‰, and the rate of micronuclei was 51.86%, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (P <0.01). However, there was no significant difference in micronucleus rate between the two groups (P> 0.05). Differences in the results of the micronucleus frequency data of peripheral blood lymphocytes among different documents are quite different. Conclusion Long-term low-dose ionizing radiation has a certain impact on the health of radiological workers in our country. It is necessary to strengthen the radiological protection of radiological workers. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the training and quality control of micronucleus test to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results.