目的　观察肺表面活性剂 (PS)对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征 (NRDS)肺功能的影响。方法　用PS固尔舒治疗 10例NRDS患儿。观察治疗前后血气、肺泡充气程度和胸肺总有效动态顺应性的变化。结果　用药后 30min ,PO2 和动脉 肺泡氧分压比值 (a/APO2 )与用药前比较明显升高 ,用药后 1、6、12、2 4h和 3天 ,PO2 和a/APO2 仍高于用药前水平 ,差异均有显著意义 (均为P <0 .0 5 )。用药后 6h ,PCO2 显著下降 ,12、2 4h和 3天 ,PCO2 进一步下降 ,与用药前比较 ,差异均有显著意义 (均为P <0 .0 5 )。用药后 6h ,胸肺总有效动态顺应性较用药前明显升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,12和 2 4h仍在较高水平 ,与用药前比较 ,均为P <0 .0 1。同时 ,X线胸片显示肺野透亮度明显改善。结论　PS固尔舒能有效改善NRDS的肺换气和通气功能、肺泡充气程度以胸肺总有效动态顺应性。 Objective To observe the effects of pulmonary surfactant (PS) on pulmonary function in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Methods Ten patients with NRDS were treated with PS-Gore Shu. Changes of blood gas, alveolar inflatable degree and total effective dynamic compliance of chest and lung before and after treatment were observed. Results At 30 min after administration, the ratio of PO2 and aPO2 decreased significantly compared with those before treatment, and PO2 and a / APO2 remained higher at 1, 6, 12, 24 h and 3 d after treatment Level, differences were significant (both P <0. 05). PCO2 decreased significantly at 6h after treatment, and decreased further at 12h, 24h, 3h and PCO2 (all P <0.05). 6h after administration, the total effective dynamic compliance of the chest and lung was significantly higher than that before treatment (P <0.05), and remained high at 12 and 24 hours, both P <0. 01 compared with those before treatment. At the same time, X-ray showed significantly improved lung field brightness. CONCLUSIONS PSG can effectively improve the lung ventilation and ventilation functions of NRDS. The degree of alveolar inflation is the total effective dynamic compliance of the chest and lung.