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Six different environmental samples were applied to enrich microbial consortia for efficient degradation of c stalk,under the thermophilic and mesophilic conditions.The consortium obtained from anaerobic digested sludge under thermophilic condition (TC-Y)had the highest lignocellulose-degrading activity.The CO2 yield was 246.73 mL/g VS in 23 days,meanwhile,the maximum CO2 production rate was 15.48 mL/(CO2·d),which was 28.75％ and 52.27％ higher than that under mesophilic condition,respectively.The peak value of cellulase activity reached 0.105 U/mL,which was at least 34.61％ higher than the other groups.In addition,49.5％ of c stalk was degraded in 20 days,moreover,the degradation ratio of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin can reach 52.76％,62.45％ and 42.23％,respectively.Microbial consortium structure analysis indicated that the TC-Y contained the phylum of Gemmatimonadetes,Acidobacteria,Chloroflexi,Planctomycetes,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria.Furthermore,the Pseudoxanthomonas belonging to GammaProteobacteria might be the key bacterial group for the lignocellulose degradation.These results indicated the capability of degrading un-pretreated c stalk and the potential for further investigation and application of TC-Y.