目的:观察宣肺平喘方对支气管哮喘大鼠气道重建中Rho/Rock信号通路蛋白表达的影响,探讨其作用机制。方法:将SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、宣肺平喘方组和地塞米松组4组,每组10只。除正常组外,其余3组均采用卵蛋白雾化吸入诱发哮喘,宣肺平喘方组和地塞米松组在雾化吸入的同时分别给予宣肺平喘方及地塞米松治疗,共2 W。HE染色法观察大鼠肺组织病理学变化,荧光免疫组化法测定大鼠肺支气管壁Rho A蛋白、Rock 2蛋白表达。结果:HE染色显示模型组大鼠支气管壁塌陷,周围有大量炎性细胞渗出;宣肺平喘方组及地塞米松组支气管形态完整,炎性细胞渗出较少;荧光免疫组化法检测结果显示Rho A蛋白、Rock 2蛋白在大鼠支气管壁和肺泡壁均有表达;模型组Rho A蛋白、Rock 2蛋白表达量明显高于正常组,宣肺平喘方组和地塞米松组与模型组比较Rho A蛋白、Rock 2蛋白表达明显下降。结论:宣肺平喘方对哮喘气道重建中Rho/Rock信号通路有良好的调控作用。 OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Xuanfei Pingchuan Decoction on the protein expression of Rho / Rock signal pathway in airway remodeling of asthmatic rats and to explore its mechanism. Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, xuanfei ping chuan decoction group and dexamethasone group, with 10 rats in each group. In addition to the normal group, the other three groups were treated with inhaled ovalbumin inhalation asthma, Xuanfei Pingchuan Fang group and dexamethasone group were treated with Xuanfei Pingchuan Decoction and dexamethasone, while 2 W. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue in rats. Fluorescent immunohistochemical method was used to detect Rho A protein and Rock 2 protein expression in the bronchial wall of rats. Results: The HE staining showed that the bronchial wall collapsed in the model group with a large number of inflammatory cells exudation around them. The bronchus of Xuanfeiting Pingchuan Recipe group and dexamethasone group were intact with less exudation of inflammatory cells. Fluorescence immunohistochemistry The results showed that both Rho A protein and Rock 2 protein were expressed in the bronchial wall and alveolar wall of rats. The expressions of Rho A protein and Rock 2 protein in the model group were significantly higher than those in the normal group, Xuanfei Pingchuan Decoction group and dexamethasone group Compared with the model group, Rho A protein and Rock 2 protein expression decreased significantly. Conclusion: Xuanfei Pingchuan Decoction can regulate the Rho / Rock signal pathway in airway remodeling of asthma.