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现代报刊是现代散文得以广泛传播的载体,并对现代散文的文体和分类产生了明显的影响。古典文学中的散文是作为一种文人化的写作被纳入主流话语之中的,其主要文体如章表、奏议、史论、序记等,其向皇上“进言”的功能在向现代报刊“舆论”功能转变的过程中,文体也在现代报刊的体制中发生了根本的变化,以新闻舆论取代章表奏议,以新闻报道等叙事性新闻文体作为新的媒体文体,之后新闻报道类文体和论说评论类文体合流分化,逐步形成了现代散文的叙事类、杂体类和小品类文体。本文以《申报·自由谈》为例,从现代报刊与现代散文形成发展的关系出发,探讨现代散文的文类意识,并从散文文体的角度进行必要的辨体。
Modern newspapers and periodicals are the carriers of modern prose widely disseminated, and have a clear influence on the style and classification of modern prose. The prose in classical literature is included in the mainstream discourse as a kind of literary writing. The main style of the prose such as chapter lists, memorials, historical writings, prefaces, etc., In the process of the transformation of the functions of modern newspapers and public opinion, the style has undergone fundamental changes in the system of modern newspapers and periodicals. The news media has replaced the chapters and tables, the narrative news style such as news reports has been used as a new media style, After that, the news report class style and the comment and comment class style merged and formed, and gradually formed the narrative class, miscellaneous class and small class style of modern prose. Based on the relationship between modern newspapers and the formation and development of modern prose, this paper explores the genre awareness of modern prose and makes the necessary discrimination from the perspective of prose.