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目的通过全血细胞计数对白血病进行初步筛查。方法对52例骨髓检查确诊为白血病(急性白血病46例,慢性白血病6例)患者行静脉采血,用KX-21N全血细胞仪进行全血细胞计数,观察红细胞(RBC)、白细胞(WBC)和血小板(PLT)各参数检测结果和白细胞直方图分布变化。结果急性白血病患者白细胞总数多增高,WBC>10×109/L达91.3%,其中23.9%的患者白细胞总数异常增高(>100×109/L),白细胞直方图呈单峰分布达84.8%。急性淋巴细胞白血病,白细胞直方图均表现为小细胞峰极度增高,呈单峰分布并向中间细胞区扩展变宽;急性髓系细胞白血病,81.1%白细胞直方图呈单峰分布(其中54.1%表现为中间细胞单峰增高并向小细胞区和大细胞区扩展,27.0%以大细胞单峰极度增高),18.9%呈双峰分布。红细胞、血红蛋白和血小板均明显减低。慢性粒细胞白血病患者白细胞总数均>45×109/L,其中83.3%的患者白细胞总数异常增高(>100×109/L),白细胞直方图均呈形状单一而分布广泛(100~450fl)的大细胞峰图形。结论作为一种筛查工具,全血细胞计数极大的减少了传统手工检测所需劳动和取样误差,提供大量的信息有助于血液系统等疾病的诊断和疗效评判,对急、慢性白血病的诊断有良好的过筛作用。
Objective To preliminary screening of leukemia by whole blood count. Methods Fifty-two patients with leukemia (acute leukemia in 46 cases and chronic leukemia in 6 cases) were collected from 52 cases of bone marrow for venous blood sampling. Whole blood cells were counted with KX-21N hematology analyzer. The levels of erythrocyte (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) and platelets PLT) test results and leukocyte histogram distribution changes. Results The total number of leucocytes in patients with acute leukemia increased significantly. The WBC> 10 × 109 / L was 91.3%. The total number of leukocytes was abnormally increased in 23.9% of patients (> 100 × 109 / L). The leukocyte histogram showed a single peak distribution of 84.8%. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and leucocyte histogram showed that the small cell peak was extremely increased, showing a monomodal distribution and widened to the middle cell area. In acute myeloid leukemia, the 81.1% leucocyte histogram showed a unimodal distribution (54.1% For the middle cell single peak increased to the small cell area and large cell area, 27.0% of the large single cell peak was extremely high), 18.9% showed a bimodal distribution. Red blood cells, hemoglobin and platelets were significantly reduced. The total number of leukocytes in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia was> 45 × 109 / L, of which 83.3% patients had an abnormal increase in the total number of leukocytes (> 100 × 109 / L). The leukocyte histogram showed a large single distribution with a wide distribution (100-450 fl) Cell peak graphics. Conclusion As a screening tool, the whole blood count greatly reduces the labor and sampling errors required by traditional manual tests, provides a large amount of information to help diagnose and evaluate the effects of the blood system and other diseases, and diagnoses acute and chronic leukemias Have a good screening effect.