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改革以来,中国经济发展一直在非均衡结构变迁过程中进行,这种超多层级的市场结构、超宽度的产业体系、多层次的地区经济结构、多元的所有制结构诱致了经济结构转变的严重滞后。随着经济全球化,新技术革命和国内短缺局面的缓和,我国经济已经到了一个不经过大幅度结构调整将难以获得进一步增长动力的关键时期。与前两次大的结构调整相比,新一轮结构调整的目标,一是通过“升级型”调整和“适应型”调整,使我国经济获得在较长时期维持较高发展速度的动力,二是通过调整,逐步形成能够对结构问题作出积极反应和调整的新机制。因而可供选择的路径,一是延长产业链,提高产业关联度,在加快存量调整时选择吸纳更多就业与技术进步相结合的产业组织模式;二是通过制度和政策创新建立能允许要素自由流动的统一市场,建立城乡之间、产业之间的互动机制。
Since the reform, China’s economic development has been carried out during the course of the unbalanced structure change. This kind of super-multi-level market structure, ultra-wide industrial system, multi-level regional economic structure and diversified ownership structure have caused serious lag in economic structural transformation . With the economic globalization, the new technological revolution and the easing of the domestic shortage, our country has reached a crucial period where it will be difficult to obtain further growth momentum without any substantial structural adjustment. Compared with the previous two major structural readjustments, the objective of the new round of structural readjustment is to provide our economy with the impetus of maintaining a relatively high rate of development in a relatively long period of time through the adjustment of “upgrading type” and “adaptation type” Second, through adjustment, we gradually formed a new mechanism capable of making a positive response and adjustment to structural problems. Therefore, the alternative path is to extend the industrial chain, increase the degree of industrial connection, and choose to absorb more employment and technological progress when speeding up the stock adjustment. Secondly, through the establishment of systems and policies that allow the freedom of factors A unified market flow, the establishment of urban and rural areas, the interaction between industries.