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1988～1989年,在大田和水培条件下,对杂交中籼稻献改优63的颖花分化和退化、单位面积的库容量、结实率、根系活力等进行了研究。结果表明:(1) 每穗颖花数多,单位面积总颖花量,产量库容量大,亩适宜颖花量为3336万朵左右;(2) 分化颖花数多、退化率高(52.67％)。减少颖花退化是争取大穗的主要途径;(3) 结实率低而不稳,变异幅度大(64.98％～96.08％),是左右产量的首要因素;(4) 抽穗期茎生叶比叶重,茎鞘率与结实率均呈线性正相关。相关系数分别为0.8861、0.7145,单位面积总颖花量与结实率呈线性负相关,相关系数为-0.7217,灌浆结实期颖花根活量越大,结实率越高。认为减少颖花退化、主攻大穗、使单位面积总颖花量达到适宜颖花量。通过提高茎生叶比叶重、茎鞘率和颖花根活量的途径提高结实率,这是献改优63高产栽培的重要途径。
From 1988 to 1989, under the conditions of field and hydroponic culture, the differentiation and degeneration of spikelets, storage capacity per unit area, seed setting rate and root activity of mid-indica hybrid rice HXY63 were studied. The results showed that: (1) There were more spikelets per spike, total spikelet per unit area and large yield stock volume. The suitable spikelet yield per mu was 33.36 million. (2) The number of differentiated spikes was high and the rate of degradation was high (52.67 %). (3) The seed setting rate is low and unsteady, the variation range is large (64.98% ~ 96.08%), which is the primary factor of yield; (4) The specific leaf ratio Weight, stem and sheath rate and seed setting rate showed a linear positive correlation. The correlation coefficients were 0.8861 and 0.7145 respectively. There was a linear negative correlation between the total spikelets per unit area and the seed setting rate, the correlation coefficient was -0.7217. The greater the root activity was, the higher the seed setting rate was. It is considered that the reduction of spikelet degeneration and the attack of major spike make the total amount of spikelets per unit area suitable for spikelets. The improvement of seed setting rate by increasing the specific leaf weight, the ratio of stems and sheaths and the root activity of spikelets in the cauline leaves was an important way to improve yield and improve yield.