一、引言虽早在上世纪末已有人开始采用将棉纤维碳化的方法来制作碳纤维,但对于具有比较高的机械性能(主要是抗张强度与弹性模量)的碳纤维的研制,则还是本世纪五十年代末才开始的事情。至于这种碳纤维制作的工业化,更是最近四、五年来,由于碳纤维被人们认为有希望成为一种比玻璃纤维更为优越的纤维补强材料之后,才迅速发展起来。在今天,碳纤维的制作已极少采用天然的棉或毛纤维作为原料,所采用的原丝主要都是 I. INTRODUCTION Although carbon fiber has been used to carbonize cotton fibers as early as the end of the last century, the development of carbon fibers with relatively high mechanical properties (mainly tensile strength and elastic modulus) is still the century The beginning of the late fifties thing. As for the industrialization of this kind of carbon fiber production, it is only in the last four or five years that carbon fiber is rapidly developed after it is thought that there is hope of becoming a fiber reinforcing material superior to glass fiber. Today, the production of carbon fiber has rarely used natural cotton or wool as raw material, the main raw material used are